What is our primary use case?
My main use case for Security Onion is monitoring components, including Zeek and Suricata, for training, as my environment runs on Proxmox and I use OpenSense as my firewall. I have also configured port mirroring on my Cisco switch to send network traffic for my lab VLANs to Security Onion for analysis.
Currently, I am taking my master's degree and have set up some victim VMs that I use for testing in my lab with Security Onion, and I am using it towards my thesis paper.
How has it helped my organization?
Although I do not use Security Onion at my actual job, it has definitely helped me learn how to look at alerts, understand what they mean, and how I can remedy the issues they cause when I get a SOC job eventually.
Security Onion has helped me analyze network traffic and better understand what is happening across my home lab. Since I have multiple VLANs separating my red team, blue team, and victim environments, I can use Security Onion to monitor traffic between systems and identify potentially suspicious activity. One of the biggest benefits is having Zeek and Suricata integrated into one platform. Zeek helps me examine network connections, DNS requests, and communication patterns. I also added a Pi-hole for DNS, and Suricata provides alerts for potentially malicious activity. It also helps me investigate why certain alerts are triggered instead of just seeing something suspicious happen. I can look at my network activity surrounding an event and better understand whether it might be a security concern or normal traffic. Overall, Security Onion has helped me develop my threat detection and network analysis skills. It is particularly useful because I can apply what I am learning in my graduate cybersecurity courses to a real hands-on lab environment.
What is most valuable?
What I appreciate most about Security Onion is that it combines multiple security monitoring tools into one platform. Rather than having to install and manage Zeek, Suricata, and other tools separately, I can work with them in a centralized environment. I also appreciate that it is free and open-source, making it accessible for people building cybersecurity labs.
Having everything in one place with Security Onion has definitely saved me time because it is one install and then everything is there, so I can learn everything all at once without having to have multiple things running at one time.
What needs improvement?
The biggest challenges I have experienced with Security Onion are the learning curve and resource requirements, as it is not necessarily something you can install and immediately understand without networking and Linux knowledge. I actually encountered an HTTP 500 error with the management interface recently, which required troubleshooting and expanding my storage, showing me how important storage planning and system maintenance are when running Security Onion.
What I would improve about Security Onion is probably the documentation around troubleshooting common issues, particularly storage management, and making the interface more approachable for new users.
Having documentation of what works best would help, especially since you can have nodes or have it all built-in one as a standalone. If you use nodes, you have to have several different Security Onion instances downloaded, then have a manager and connect all of them together.
For how long have I used the solution?
I have been using Security Onion in my personal cybersecurity lab to learn more about network security, monitoring, intrusion detection, and threat analysis for about two years.
What do I think about the stability of the solution?
In my experience, Security Onion is pretty stable, with the only significant issue being that I had to increase the storage, but other than that, it has been good.
What do I think about the scalability of the solution?
I have not tested Security Onion's scalability yet, but it seems as though it would be pretty easy to expand. I am not sure if I would have to reinstall if I wanted to make nodes and a manager; I just have not tested it.
How are customer service and support?
I have not used customer support for Security Onion; however, I have participated in some community resources, and it is pretty good because it has a large community that has been around for years, which helps.
Which solution did I use previously and why did I switch?
I have not previously used a different solution before Security Onion.
How was the initial setup?
I run Security Onion through private hardware on my server as a VM on several servers, specifically four, and it runs on my dedicated blue server where I host it myself.
What was our ROI?
I do not have any relevant metrics to share regarding return on investment, but I believe it has saved me time and since it is free, it has not cost me any money. I view it as a good learning tool.
What's my experience with pricing, setup cost, and licensing?
I do not have a license for Security Onion since I have the free version, meaning it does not cost me anything. The setup cost was really just the hardware I had; nowadays hardware can be pretty expensive, but if you have it, you should run it with at least 24 gigs of RAM.
Which other solutions did I evaluate?
I did not evaluate other options before choosing Security Onion because I thought it would be the best one to learn, as it has everything built into it and can be used as a standalone.
What other advice do I have?
I would rate Security Onion an eight out of ten, as I think it is pretty good.
I chose an eight because, as I mentioned, it takes a lot to get used to and learn, but I have not used anything else. Everything I have looked at suggests I should use Security Onion over something else first because it is good; it has everything together. Once you learn Security Onion, you can probably do most of the other things.
I cannot comment on Security Onion's AI capabilities as it is a Security Onion Pro feature that I have not tested, since I am only using the free edition.
From my experience using Security Onion in my home lab, the output from Zeek and Suricata is generally reliable, but it is important to understand what each tool is actually reporting. Zeek is particularly useful because it provides detailed information about network connections, DNS activity, and communication between devices, helping me understand what is happening across my different VLANs. Suricata is useful for detecting potential malicious activity through its detection rules, although not every alert indicates an actual security threat; false positives do occur. I think it is crucial to investigate alerts instead of automatically assuming they are accurate, as the reliability of the results depends heavily on how Security Onion is configured. For instance, if port mirroring is not configured correctly or if the system is dropping packets, the information being analyzed might be incomplete. Overall, I would say I trust Security Onion as a network monitoring and detection platform, though I would not rely solely on alerts to make security decisions. The best approach is to correlate Zeek's network activity logs with Suricata's alert logs and investigate the evidence before making a final determination.
My advice for others looking into using Security Onion is to have a solid understanding of networking fundamentals before diving in. You really need to grasp TCP/IP, VLANs, DNS, and how network traffic flows to make it much easier to understand what Security Onion is showing you. I would also recommend starting with a small lab environment instead of trying to monitor an entire network at once. That is what I have been doing with my Proxmox home lab, which has separate VLANs for my red team, blue team, and victim machines. Additionally, ensure you allocate enough hardware resources, particularly RAM, CPU, and storage, as I have faced a storage issue that caused my security interface to have faults. Learning Zeek and Suricata individually is important to understand the differences between network metadata and signature-based detection alerts. Do not assume every alert is a genuine threat; it is crucial to take the time to investigate the traffic and understand why an alert was generated. Primarily, I would tell beginners to be patient and take things one step at a time, as Security Onion has a learning curve but is a great platform for developing practical cybersecurity skills, especially if you are interested in working in a SOC or becoming a security analyst.
I also recommend generating controlled test traffic and verifying that Security Onion actually captures it because just because the dashboard is running does not mean your monitoring configuration is working correctly.
My overall rating for Security Onion is an eight out of ten.
Which deployment model are you using for this solution?
On-premises